All enzymes are invariably proteins. It made of long chains of amino acids. Each enzyme is folded into a specific shape, which allows other molecules to fit into it. Each enzyme has its own tertiary structure and specific confirmation which is essential for its catalytic activity.
The functional unit of enzymes is called holoenzyme, which is often made up of apoenzyme which is a protein part and a coenzyme which is a non-protein part.
They require little energy and simple requirement’s. Enzymes work at mild conditions with respect to both temperature and pH.
In enzyme-controlled reactions the reactants are known as substrate. Enzymes have their effect by binding the substrates to a specially shaped active site in the protein molecule. The enzymes and the substrate fit together using a lock and key mechanisms.
Anything which changes the shape of this active site stops the enzyme from working,
Enzymes speed up biological reactions inside and outside of body cells, such as respiration, protein synthesis, photosynthesis and digestion.
Protein as enzymes
